• br Agonist binding ETA activation is promoted by

  2020-01-11

  

  Agonist binding ETA activation is promoted by binding of the endogenous peptidergic agonists to their orthosteric binding site on the receptor. ET1 and ET2 (Trp6-Leu7-ET1) bind with equal high affinity to ETA, whereas the third endogenous isopeptide ET3 (Thr2-Phe4-Thr5-Tyr6-Lys7-Tyr14-ET1) binds

• Our results are the first to demonstrate that ERR

  2020-01-11

  

  Our results are the first to demonstrate that ERRγ acts as a catabolic regulator of cartilage degeneration and OA pathogenesis, and collectively support the idea that ERRγ could be a therapeutic target for OA Introduction DNA cytosine-5-methyltransferases (Dnmts) catalyze the methyl transfer fr

• br Conflict of interest br Supplementary methods and materia

  2020-01-11

  

  Conflict of interest Supplementary methods and materials Acknowledgments This work was supported by an Early Career Researcher grant awarded by the Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation to IMW and Queensland University of Technology, and grants awarded to SS by the Prostate Cancer F

• Another enzyme class that has emerged as a potential alterna

  2020-01-11

  

  Another enzyme class that has emerged as a potential alternative to P450s are the so-called ‘unspecific peroxygenases’ (UPOs). They also contain a heme but are extracellularly expressed fungal enzymes that are often more stable than P450 monooxygenases. Importantly, UPOs use H2O2 instead of O2 as th

• br Steroid biosynthesis br Steroid

  2020-01-10

  

  Steroid biosynthesis Steroid hormone metabolism in breast cancer Conclusion Steroid hormones elicit their biological actions primarily by binding to steroid receptors such as the ER, AR, PR and GR. Although classical breast cancer diagnostic panels assess the expression of the ER and PR, as

• The Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region gene

  2020-01-10

  

  The Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 gene (EWSR1) is a partner in a large, diverse range of mesenchymal (and some nonmesenchymal) tumors (Tables 1 and 2). As the 5′ partner, EWSR1 is able to fuse with an array of genes. These fusions can generate genetically different but phenotypically identical n

• The most common pathology associated

  2020-01-10

  

  The most common pathology associated with FGR is poor placental perfusion as a result of abnormal placentation [4]. Placental developmental disorders and insufficient hormone synthesis may lead to FGR [5,6]. However, the exact mechanism responsible for abnormal placental development remains unclear.

• Physostigmine hemisulfate Why are Tfh cell dynamics so

  2020-01-10

  

  Why are Tfh cell dynamics so fundamentally different in naive and immune animals? Initially, GC Physostigmine hemisulfate must pass stringent affinity and specificity checkpoints to ensure only high-affinity non-self-reactive cells are selected. Therefore, restricting primary Tfh cells with the gre

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Plant

  2020-01-10

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Plant U-box E3 Ub ligases regulate diverse plant-specific cellular processes [1], [2], [3], [4]. However, structural and functional relationships between U-box E3s and their E2 partners are largely unknown in higher plants [24], [25]. In this study,

• br Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr Tai

  2020-01-10

  

  Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. Tai-Sheng Cheng, Yu-Wen Huang and Ting-Wei Gau for technical assistance. This work was supported by the National Science Council of TaiwanNSC 98-2320-B-024-002-MY3 and National University of TainanAB102-216. This information is available free of charge via th

• br UVC induced DNA damage a model to

  2020-01-10

  

  UVC-induced DNA damage: a model to study DNA damage tolerance The UV components of sunlight that reaches the Earth surface are one of the most carcinogenic agents humans are exposed to, and the leading cause of skin cancer [4,12]. UV light causes different types of DNA damage through indirect and

• On close inspection the pattern shows large

  2020-01-10

  

  On close inspection, the pattern shows large areas of very low point intensity where hardly any trees can be found. Anecdotal knowledge reveals that these regions are covered by a swamp, where the tree species is known to be very unlikely to grow, independent of local soil covariates and topography.

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Understanding the charact

  2020-01-10

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Understanding the characteristics of the Amazonian Dark soils “Terras Pretas de Índio” (TPIs) is of ecological importance, because the TPI soils represent a residue-based model for tropical sustainable agriculture (Sombroek et al., 2003, Neves et al., 2003, Cohen-O

• Determination of relative potency EC by dose response

  2020-01-10

  

  Determination of relative potency (EC50) by dose response assays in vitro is subject to the same sources of variability as determination of affinity, since the EC50 and Hill slope of the dose response curve are highly dependent on the binding of ligand to a competing receptor that may be present, an

• Furthermore the determination of downstream target

  2020-01-10

  

  Furthermore, the determination of downstream target genes induced by CdCl2 is noteworthy and can help to define its underlying carcinogenesis mechanism. Therefore, we evaluated c-fos and c-jun expression which are stimulated by estrogen through ERK/MAPK pathway. These are not only proto-oncogenes wh

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